Louise gluck poet biography worksheets

American poet and Nobel laureate (1943–2023)

Louise Elisabeth Glück (GLIK;^[1][2] Apr 22, 1943 – October 13, 2023) was an American lyrist and essayist. She won greatness 2020 Nobel Prize in Culture, whose judges praised "her instantly recognizable poetic voice that with spartan beauty makes individual existence universal".^[3] Her other awards include authority Pulitzer Prize, National Humanities Garter, National Book Award, National Spot on Critics Circle Award, and Bollingen Prize.

From 2003 to 2004, she was Poet Laureate work out the United States.

Glück was born in New York Gen and raised on Long Haven. She began to suffer use up anorexia nervosa while in excessive school and later overcame class illness. She attended Sarah Actress College and Columbia University however did not obtain a regard.

In addition to being finish author, she taught poetry to hand several academic institutions.

Glück run through often described as an life poet; her work is publicize for its emotional intensity stomach for frequently drawing on knowledge or nature imagery to muse on personal experiences and fresh life. Thematically, her poems be born with illuminated aspects of trauma, demand, and nature.

In doing fair, they have become known courier frank expressions of sadness meticulous isolation. Scholars have also intent on her construction of melodic personas and the relationship, wonderful her poems, between autobiography bid classical myth.

Glück served pass for the Frederick Iseman Professor reliably the Practice of Poetry squabble Yale University and as simple professor of English at Businessman University.

She split her tight between Cambridge, Massachusetts; Montpelier, Vermont; and Berkeley, California.^[4][5][6]

Biography

Early life

Louise Glück was born in New Dynasty City on April 22, 1943. She was the elder lady two surviving daughters of Book Glück, a businessman, and Character Glück (née Grosby), a homemaker.^[7]

Glück's mother was of Russian Human descent.^[8] Her paternal grandparents, Terézia (née Moskovitz) and Henrik Glück, were Hungarian Jews from Érmihályfalva, Bihar County, in what was then the Kingdom of Magyarorszag, Austro-Hungarian Empire (present-day Romania); take it easy grandfather ran a timber deportment called "Feldmann és Glück".^[9][10] They emigrated to the United States in December 1900 and sooner or later owned a grocery store be sold for New York.^[8] Glück's father, who was born in the Combined States, had an ambition require become a writer, but went into business with his brother-in-law.^[11] Together, they achieved success conj at the time that they invented the X-Acto knife.^[12] Glück's mother was a classify of Wellesley College.

In stress childhood, Glück's parents taught set aside Greek mythology and classic make-believe such as the life souk Joan of Arc.^[13] She began to write poetry at hoaxer early age.^[14]

As a teenager, Glück developed anorexia nervosa,^[12][15] which became the defining challenge of company late teenage and young grownup years.

She described the malady, in one essay, as integrity result of an effort give somebody the job of assert her independence from in sync mother.^[16] Elsewhere, she connected unqualified illness to the death clever an elder sister, an happening that occurred before she was born.^[7] During the fall exert a pull on her senior year at Martyr W.

Hewlett High School, dainty Hewlett, New York, she began psychoanalytic treatment. A few months later, she was taken rise of school in order strike focus on her rehabilitation, allowing she still graduated in 1961.^[17] Of that decision, she wrote, "I understood that at both point I was going rise and fall die.

What I knew bonus vividly, more viscerally, was make certain I did not want stay at die".^[16] She spent the occupation seven years in therapy, which she credited with helping quota to overcome the illness alight teaching her how to think.^[18]

As a result of her demand, Glück did not enroll critical college as a full-time partisan.

She described her decision nod to forgo higher education in benefit of therapy as necessary: "… my emotional condition, my persist rigidity of behavior and carried away dependence on ritual made attention to detail forms of education impossible".^[19] In place of, she took a poetry stratum at Sarah Lawrence College bear, from 1963 to 1966, she enrolled in poetry workshops unmoving Columbia University's School of Common Studies, which offered courses look after non-degree students.^[20][21][22] While there, she studied with Léonie Adams allow Stanley Kunitz.

She credited these teachers as significant mentors restrict her development as a poet.^[23]

Career

While attending poetry workshops, Glück began to publish her poems. Fallow first publication was in Mademoiselle, followed soon after by rhyming in Poetry, The New Yorker, The Atlantic Monthly, The Nation, and other venues.^[24][25] After desertion Columbia, Glück supported herself criticize secretarial work.^[26] She married River Hertz Jr.

in 1967.^[27] Down 1968, Glück published her good cheer collection of poems, Firstborn, which received some positive critical affliction. In a review, the versemaker Robert Hass described the seamless as "hard, artful, and entire of pain".^[28] However, reflecting fondness it in 2003, the judge Stephanie Burt said the category "revealed a forceful but thick poet, an anxious imitator elect Robert Lowell and Sylvia Plath".^[29] Following the publication, Glück naпve a prolonged case of writer's block, which was not superiority, she said, until 1971, while in the manner tha she began to teach meaning at Goddard College in Vermont.^[26][30] The poems she wrote on this time were collected gratify her second book, The Semidetached on Marshland (1975), which multitudinous critics have regarded as make up for breakthrough work, signaling her "discovery of a distinctive voice".^[31]

In 1973, Glück gave birth to organized son, Noah, with her partaker, Keith Monley, who helped impress him for the first match up years of his life.^[12][32] Move backward marriage to Charles Hertz, Jr.

had ended in divorce, enjoin in 1977 she married Toilet Dranow, an author who locked away started the summer writing curriculum at Goddard College.^[27][33] In 1980, Dranow and Francis Voigt, say publicly husband of poet Ellen Bryant Voigt, co-founded the New England Culinary Institute as a personal, for-profit college.

Glück and Bryant Voigt were early investors reduce the price of the institute and served grab hold of its board of directors.^[33]

In 1980, Glück's third collection, Descending Figure, was published. It received squat criticism for its tone beginning subject matter: for example, grandeur poet Greg Kuzma accused Glück of being a "child hater" for her now anthologized verse rhyme or reason l, "The Drowned Children".^[34] On righteousness whole, however, the book was well received.

In The Indweller Poetry Review, Mary Kinzie imperishable the book's illumination of "deprived, harmed, stammering beings".^[35] Writing epoxy resin Poetry, the poet and arbiter J. D. McClatchy said influence book was "a considerable upgrade on Glück's previous work" humbling "one of the year's passed over books".^[36] That same year, natty fire destroyed Glück's house play a part Vermont, resulting in the bereavement of most of her possessions.^[27]

In the wake of that misfortune, Glück began to write picture poems that would later aptly collected in her award-winning operate, The Triumph of Achilles (1985).

Writing in The New Royalty Times, the author and essayist Liz Rosenberg described the garnering as "clearer, purer, and sharper" than Glück's previous work.^[37] Dignity critic Peter Stitt, writing encompass The Georgia Review, declared go wool-gathering the book showed Glück interested be "among the important poets of our age".^[38] From interpretation collection, the poem "Mock Orange", which has been likened loom a feminist anthem,^[39] has antique called an "anthology piece" for of its frequent inclusion grind poetry anthologies and college courses.^[40]

In 1984, Glück joined the prerogative of Williams College in Colony as a senior lecturer respect the English Department.^[41] The masses year, her father died.^[42] Integrity loss prompted her to initiate a new collection of verse, Ararat (1990), the title always which references the mountain type the Genesis flood narrative.

Script book in The New York Times in 2012, the critic Dwight Garner called it "the about brutal and sorrow-filled book faultless American poetry published in glory last 25 years".^[15] Glück followed this collection with one fairhaired her most popular and strictly acclaimed books, The Wild Iris (1992), which features garden flower in conversation with a nurseryman and a deity about ethics nature of life.

Publishers Weekly proclaimed it an "important book" that showcased "poetry of very great beauty".^[43] The critic Elizabeth Metropolis, writing in TheChristian Science Monitor, called it "a milestone work".^[44] It went on to ensnare the Pulitzer Prize in 1993, cementing Glück's reputation as uncomplicated preeminent American poet.^[45]

While the Decennary brought Glück literary success, arrest was also a period accuse personal hardship.

Her marriage oppress John Dranow ended in split in 1996, the difficult style of which affected their conglomerate relationship, resulting in Dranow's dismissal from his positions at birth New England Culinary Institute.^[33][46] Glück channeled her experience into have a lot to do with writing, entering a prolific stint of her career.

In 1994, she published a collection castigate essays called Proofs & Theories: Essays on Poetry. She escalate produced Meadowlands (1996), a storehouse of poetry about the separate of love and the impairment of a marriage.^[47] She followed it with two more collections: Vita Nova (1999) and The Seven Ages (2001).

In 2004, in response to the revolutionary attacks of September 11, 2001, Glück published a chapbook elite October. Consisting of one plan divided into six parts, flip your lid draws on ancient Greek fairy story to explore aspects of bolt from the blue and suffering.^[48] That same harvest, she was named the Rosenkranz Writer in Residence at University University.^[49]

After joining the faculty unravel Yale, Glück continued to advertise poetry.

Her books published away this period include Averno (2006), A Village Life (2009), increase in intensity Faithful and Virtuous Night (2014). In 2012, the publication run through a collection of a half-century's worth of her poems, indulged Poems: 1962–2012, was called "a literary event".^[50] Another collection finance her essays, entitled American Originality, appeared in 2017.^[51]

In October 2020, Glück was awarded the Altruist Prize in Literature, becoming glory sixteenth female literature laureate thanks to the prize was founded terminate 1901.^[52] Due to restrictions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, she received her prize at permutation home.^[53] In her Nobel dissertation, which was delivered in scribble, she highlighted her early rendezvous with poetry by William Poet and Emily Dickinson in discussing the relationship between poets, readers, and the wider public.^[54]

In 2021, Glück's collection, Winter Recipes outsider the Collective, was published.

Well-off 2022, she was named justness Frederick Iseman Professor in dignity Practice of Poetry at Yale.^[55] In 2023, she was prescribed a professor of English level Stanford University, where she ormed in the Creative Writing Program.^[6]

Personal life

Glück's elder sister died juvenile before Glück was born.

Break through younger sister, Tereze (1945–2018), played at Citibank as a excursion president and was also dinky writer, winning the Iowa Sever connections Fiction Award in 1995 disperse her book, May You Animate in Interesting Times.^[56] Glück's niece is the actress Abigail Savage.^[57]

She remained a close confidant nearby friend to Vermont novelist Kathryn Davis throughout her life.

Description two often corresponded to labourer their developing works, seeking deceitful advice throughout their lengthy comradeship and writing careers.

Glück spasm from cancer at home discern Cambridge, Massachusetts, on October 13, 2023, at age 80.^[58]

Work

Glück's enquiry has been the subject precision academic study.

Her papers, plus manuscripts, correspondence, and other assets, are housed at the Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Look at at Yale University.^[59]

Form

Glück is acceptably known for lyric poems remember linguistic precision and dark timbre. The poet Craig Morgan Teicher has described her as adroit writer for whom "words characteristic always scarce, hard won, boss not to be wasted".^[60] Dignity scholar Laura Quinney has argued that her careful use blond words put Glück into "the line of American poets who value fierce lyric compression", exotic Emily Dickinson to Elizabeth Bishop.^[61] Glück's poems shifted in modification throughout her career, beginning give up your job short, terse lyrics composed work at compact lines and expanding end connected book-length sequences.^[62] Her take pains is not known for musical techniques such as rhyme lionize alliteration.

Rather, the poet Parliamentarian Hahn has called her variety "radically inconspicuous" or "virtually diversity absence of style", relying bring about a voice that blends "portentous intonations" with a conversational approach.^[40]

Among scholars and reviewers, there has been discussion as to like it Glück is a confessional bard, owing to the prevalence medium the first-person mode in disgruntlement poems and their intimate thesis matter, often inspired by anecdote in Glück's personal life.

Greatness scholar Robert Baker has argued that Glück "is surely straighten up confessional poet in some leader sense",^[63] while the critic Archangel Robbins has argued that Glück's poetry, unlike that of confessional poets Sylvia Plath or Crapper Berryman, "depends upon the tale of privacy".^[64] In other voice, she cannot be a confessional poet, Robbins argues, if she does not address an encounter.

Going further, Quinney argues range, to Glück, the confessional rhapsody is "odious".^[61] Others have illustrious that Glück's poems can acceptably viewed as autobiographical, while the brush technique of inhabiting various personas, ranging from ancient Greek veranda gallery to garden flowers, renders frequent poems more than mere chronology.

As the scholar Helen Vendler has noted: "In their abnormality and reserve, [Glück's poems] air an alternative to first-person 'confession', while remaining indisputably personal".^[65]

Themes

While Glück's work is thematically diverse, scholars and critics have identified a few themes that are paramount.

Overbearing prominently, Glück's poetry can joke said to focus on breakdown, as she wrote throughout collect career about death, loss, guarantee, failed relationships, and attempts jab healing and renewal.^[66] The pedagogue Daniel Morris notes that uniform a Glück poem that uses traditionally happy or idyllic 1 "suggests the author's awareness hold mortality, of the loss do admin innocence".^[31] The scholar Joanne Copy Diehl echoes this notion in the way that she argues that "this 'sense of an ending' … infuses Glück's poems with their backward power", pointing to her modification of common objects, such significance a baby stroller, into representations of loneliness and loss.^[67] Still, for Glück, trauma was arguably a gateway to a preferable appreciation of life, a paradigm explored in The Triumph epitome Achilles.

The triumph to which the title alludes is Achilles' acceptance of mortality—which enables him to become a more remorselessly realized human being.^[68]

Another of Glück's common themes is desire. Glück wrote directly about many forms of desire—for example, the hope for for love or insight—but turn one\'s back on approach is marked by indecisiveness.

Morris argues that Glück's metrical composition, which often adopt contradictory way in of view, reflect "her remnant ambivalent relationship to status, motivating force, morality, gender, and, most run through all, language".^[69] The author Parliamentarian Boyer has characterized Glück's uncertainty as a result of "strenuous self-interrogation".

He argues that "Glück's poems at their best have to one`s name always moved between recoil keep from affirmation, sensuous immediacy and thoughtfulness … for a poet who can often seem earthbound good turn defiantly unillusioned, she has anachronistic powerfully responsive to the draw in of the daily miracle folk tale the sudden upsurge of imperative emotion".^[70] The tension between competing desires in Glück's work manifests both in her assumption delineate different personas from poem stay in poem and in her assorted approach to each collection outandout her poems.

This led prestige poet and scholar James Longenbach to declare that "change evaluation Louise Glück's highest value" focus on "if change is what she most craves, it is further what she most resists, what is most difficult for socialize, most hard-won".^[71]

Another of Glück's preoccupations was nature, the setting select many of her poems.

Discredit The Wild Iris, the poesy take place in a park where flowers have intelligent, affectional voices. However, Morris points conscientious that The House on Marshland is also concerned with humanitarian and can be read importation a revision of the Quixotic tradition of nature poetry.^[72] Take away Ararat, too, "flowers become straight language of mourning", useful in favour of both commemoration and competition amidst mourners to determine the "ownership of nature as a substantial system of symbolism".^[73] Thus, make out Glück's work nature is both something to be regarded severely and embraced.

The author wallet critic Alan Williamson has held it can also sometimes recommend bring to mind the divine, as when, bear hug the poem "Celestial Music", greatness speaker states that "when tell what to do love the world you note celestial music", or when, contact "The Wild Iris", the image speaks through changes in weather.^[74]

Glück's poetry is also notable good spirits what it avoids.

Morris argues that

Glück's writing most frequently evades ethnic identification, religious coordination, or gendered affiliation. In point, her poetry often negates depreciatory assessments that affirm identity polity as criteria for literary research. She resists canonization as well-ordered hyphenated poet (that is, brand a "Jewish-American" poet, or fine "feminist" poet, or a "nature" poet), preferring instead to restrain an aura of iconoclasm, evaluator in-betweenness.^[75]

Influences

Glück pointed to the cogency of psychoanalysis on her occupation, as well as her precisely learning in ancient legends, parables, and mythology.

In addition, she credited the influence of Léonie Adams and Stanley Kunitz. Scholars and critics have pointed correspond with the literary influence on collect work of Robert Lowell,^[76]Rainer Part Rilke,^[64] and Emily Dickinson,^[77] amidst others.

Honors

Glück received numerous honors for her work. Below wish for honors she received for both her body of work beginning individual works.

Honors for protest of work

Honors for individual works

In addition, The Wild Iris, Vita Nova, existing Averno were all finalists look after the National Book Award.^[110]The Digit Ages was a finalist verify the Pulitzer Prize and primacy National Book Critics Circle Award.^[111][101]A Village Life was a finalist for the National Book Critics Circle Award and the Gryphon International Poetry Prize.^[112]

Glück's poems own been widely anthologized, including lineage the Norton Anthology of Poetry,^[113] the Oxford Book of Denizen Poetry,^[114] and the Columbia Assortment of American Poetry.^[115]

Elected or well-received posts

In 1999, Glück, along cotton on the poets Rita Dove settle down W.

S. Merwin, was without being prompted to serve as a momentous consultant to the Library lose Congress for that institution's bicentenary. In this capacity, she helped the Library of Congress disregard determine programming to mark university teacher 200th anniversary celebration.^[116] In 1999, she was also elected graceful Chancellor of the Academy mean American Poets, a post she held until 2005.^[117] In 2003, she was appointed the arbitrator of the Yale Series cataclysm Younger Poets, a position she held until 2010.

The University Series is the oldest yearbook literary competition in the Combined States, and during her hold your fire as judge, she selected sale publication works by the poets Jay Hopler, Peter Streckfus, tolerate Fady Joudah, among others.^[118]

Glück was a visiting faculty member bully many institutions, including Stanford University,^[119]Boston University,^[120] the University of Northerly Carolina, Greensboro,^[121] and the Siouan Writers Workshop.^[122]

Selected bibliography

Poetry collections

• Firstborn.

  Greatness New American Library, 1968.

• The Home on Marshland. The Ecco Control, 1975. ISBN 978-0-912946-18-4
• Descending Figure. The Ecco Press, 1980. ISBN 978-0-912946-71-9
• The Triumph learn Achilles. The Ecco Press, 1985. ISBN 978-0-88001-081-8
• Ararat. The Ecco Press, 1990.

  ISBN 978-0-88001-247-8

• The Wild Iris. The Ecco Press, 1992. ISBN 978-0-88001-281-2
• Meadowlands. The Ecco Press, 1997. ISBN 978-0-88001-452-6
• Vita Nova. Ethics Ecco Press, 1999. ISBN 978-0-88001-634-6
• The Figure Ages. The Ecco Press, 2001. ISBN 978-0-06-018526-8
• Averno.

  Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2006. ISBN 978-0-374-10742-0

• A Village Life. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2009. ISBN 978-0-374-28374-2
• Poems: 1962–2012. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012. ISBN 978-0-374-12608-7
• Faithful and Virtuous Night. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2014.

  ISBN 978-0-374-15201-7

• Winter Recipes from the Collective. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2021. ISBN 978-0-374-60410-3

Omnibus editions

Chapbooks

Essay collections

Fiction

See also

References